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This part of the Pembrokeshire Coast is a landscape of headlands and bays, created during the Ordovician period - between 500 and 440 million years ago. Then volcanoes were active in the area throwing out lava flows that cooled to form very hard igneous rocks. In places the molten rock did not reach the surface, but cooled slowly trapped below the ground. Over millions of years these igneous intrusions have resisted erosion far better than surrounding rocks to become rocky crags like Garn Fawr. The coastal headlands too, like Penbwchdy (pen is Welsh for head), are formed from igneous rocks that have resisted erosion better than the bays like Pwllcrochan, which are of softer Ordovician rocks.